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P32.001

Conspirators, 1932
Oil on canvas
50 x 36 in.
127.0 x 91.4 cm
Signature unconfirmed
Provenance
Whereabouts Unknown
Exhibitions
Stanley Rose Bookstore and Gallery, Los Angeles, CA, "[Unknown Title]", September 1933 
Los Angeles Museum, Los Angeles, CA, "Fifteenth Annual Exhibition of Painting and Sculpture", May 04, 1934 - June 17, 1934
The Jewish Museum, New York, NY, "Draw Them In, Paint Them Out: Trenton Doyle Hancock Confronts Philip Guston", November 08, 2024 - March 30, 2025 
Bibliography
Millier, Arthur. "Two Pairs of Painters and Some Singles Offer Shows." Los Angeles Times, September 17, 1933, pp. 5–6, mentioned in text, not illus.
Millier, Arthur. "May Ushers in Annual Riots and Free-for-All Art Shows." Los Angeles Times, May 13, 1934, part II, p. 1, mentioned in text, not illus.
Fifteenth Annual Exhibition of Painting and Sculpture. Exh. cat. Los Angeles: Los Angeles Museum, 1934, cat. no. 39, listed as "Conspiracy," artist listed as P. Goldstein, not illus.
40 American Painters, 1940–1950. Exh. cat. Minneapolis: The University Gallery, University of Minnesota, 1951, photograph displayed in exhibition, not listed or illus. in catalog
Moritz, Charles, ed. Current Biography, February 1971, pp. 10-13, mentioned in text p. 10, not illus.
Ashton, Dore. The New York School: A Cultural Reckoning. New York: Viking Press, 1973, no. 8, illus. in b&w p. 39
Ashton, Dore. Yes, but... A Critical Study of Philip Guston. New York: Viking, 1976, illus. in b&w p. 10
O'Connor, Francis V., ed. "Philip Guston and Political Humanism." In Arts and Architecture in the Service of Politics, edited by Henry A. Milton and Linda Nochlin. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1978, Fig. 5 illus. in b&w p. 352 and mentioned in text p. 350
Schipper, Merle. "Kline and Guston: Phases of Drawing." Artweek, August 11, 1979, pp. 1, 16, mentioned in text p. 16, not illus.
Kingsley, April. "Philip Guston's Endgame: From Realism to Abstraction and Back, Philip Guston Remains Unique in Twentieth-Century Art." Horizon: The Magazine of the Arts, June 1980, pp. 34–41, detail illus. in b&w p. 36
Legendre, Bokarra. "Philip Guston Exhibition." Art/World, Summer 1980, mentioned in text p. 1, not illus.
Workman, Andree M. "Guston: A Born-Again Painter." West Art (Auburn, CA), June 13, 1980, pp. 1, 3, mentioned in text p. 3, not illus.
Rickey, Carrie. "Philip Guston 1913–1980: Dreaming with His Eyes Open." Village Voice, June 23, 1980, p. 73, mentioned in text, not illus.
Fleming, Lee. "Last Expressions: The Corcoran Displays Works by Philip Guston." Washington Calendar Magazine, July 1980, mentioned in text p. 51, not illus.
Aspects of the 70s: Mavericks. Exh. cat. Waltham: Brandeis University, Rose Art Museum, 1980, mentioned in text p. 8, not illus.
Philip Guston. Exh. cat. New York: George Braziller, 1980, Fig. 1 illus. in b&w p. 10
Ratcliff, Carter. "The Mastery of Philip Guston." Saturday Review, January 1981, pp. 81–83, mentioned in text p. 81, not illus.
Purchase, Steve. "Philip Guston: A Major Retrospective at the Whitney." Baltimore Evening Sun, August 6, 1981, p. 11, mentioned in text, not illus.
Hanson, Bernard. "Guston's Fine Lines and Gray Areas." Hartford Courant, August 23, 1981, p. G2, mentioned in text, not illus.
Philip Guston: Sus Ultimos Anos. Exh. cat. San Francisco: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, 1981, illus. in b&w fig. 4 p. 7
Nicholas Serota, ed. Philip Guston: Paintings 1969–1980. Exh. cat. London: Whitechapel Art Gallery, 1982, mentioned in text p. 11, not illus.
Ammann, Jean-Christophe. "De L'Oeuvre Tardive de Philip Guston." Artistes, 1983, pp. 83–85, mentioned in text p. 83, not illus.
Philip Guston: The Late Works. Exh. cat. Melbourne: The National Gallery of Victoria, 1984, illus. in b&w p. 13
Storr, Robert. Philip Guston. New York: Abbeville Modern Masters, 1986, illus. in b&w no. 6 p. 12
Zaller, Robert. "Philip Guston and the Crisis of the Image." Critical Inquiry 14, no. 1 (1987): pp. 69–94, mentioned in text p. 85, not illus.
Greene, Alison de Lima. "The Artist as Performer: Philip Guston's Early Work." Arts Magazine, November 1988, pp. 55–61, mentioned in text pp. 56 and 57, not illus.
Brach, Paul. "Life with the Artist." Journal of Art, 1, December 1988, mentioned in text, not illus.
Kies, Emily Bardack. "The Drawings of Philip Guston." The Museum of Modern Art. Gallery guide. New York, 1988, mentioned in text, not illus.
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston by His Daughter. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1988, mentioned in text p. 17, not illus.
Dabrowski, Magdalena. The Drawings of Philip Guston. Exh. cat. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1988, illus. in b&w Fig. 1, p. 13 and mentioned in text p. 12
Kaal, Ron. "Twee Kanten Van Hetzelfde Gezicht: Portret van Philip Guston, de schilder van een steenklomp met een groot cyclopisch oog en een samenleving die gereduceerd is tot afval." HP, January 21, 1989, pp. 45–47, mentioned in text p. 45, not illus.
Fernandez, Horacio. "El Último Perplejo." El Europeo, March 1989, pp. 66-74, illus. in b&w p. 72
Fancelli, Agusti. "Guston, entre el figurativismo y la abstraccion." El País (Madrid), March 30, 1989, mentioned in text, not illus.
Ottevanger, Alied. "Philip Guston." Metropolis M, April–May 1989, pp. 44–45, mentioned in text p. 44, not illus.
M. C. "La creación en Guston." El País (Madrid), April 15, 1989, mentioned in text, not illus.
Serra D'Or. "Philip Guston." May 1989, mentioned in text, not illus.
Philip Guston, Opere Su Carta 1933–1980. Exh. cat. Milan: Electa, 1989, illus. in b&w fig. 1, p. 15
Kies, Emily Bardack. "Philip Guston." Museum Overholland. Exh. brochure. 1989, mentioned in text, not illus. (no page #)
Dabrowski, Magdalena. Dibuixos Philip Guston. Exh. cat. Barcelona: Fundacio Caixa de Pensions, 1989, illus. in b&w fig. 1 p. 20
Philip Guston: Retrospectiva de Pintura. Exh. cat. Essays by Mark Rosenthal, Robert Storr, Carrie Rickey, Francisco Calvo Serraller, and Dore Ashton. Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura, Dirección General de Bellas Artes y Archivos, Centro Nacional de Exposiciones, 1989, illus. in b&w, p. 14, no. 1 (Robert Storr essay)
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston by His Daughter. 1988. Reprint, New York: Penguin, 1990, mentioned in text p. 17, not illus.
Ashton, Dore. A Critical Study of Philip Guston. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, illus. in b&w p. 10
Anfam, David. Abstract Expressionism. London: Thames & Hudson, 1990, illus. in b&w no. 30 p. 44 and mentioned in text pp. 43 and 135
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston. 1988. Reprint, London: Thames and Hudson, 1991, mentioned in text p. 17, not illus.
Corbett, William. Philip Guston's Late Work: A Memoir. Boston: Zoland Books, 1994, mentioned in text pp. 15-16 and 39, not illus.
Curtis, Cathy. "O. C. Art Review: The Figures Are Hooded, but the Message Is Clear." Los Angeles Times, April 18, 1995, pp. F1, F3, mentioned in text, not illus.
Fineberg, Jonathan. Art Since 1940: Strategies of Being. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1995, illus. in color fig. 12.42 p. 397 and mentioned in text pp. 396-7 and 402
Morris, Daniel. "Necessary Wounds: Public History and Private Myth in Philip Guston's Late Work." Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 79, no. 1/2 (1996): pp. 95–109, mentioned in text pp. 95, 97, 100 and 107, not illus.
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston. Reprint, Boston: Da Capo Press, 1997.
, mentioned in text p. 17, not illus.
DeLong, Lea Rosson. Shifting Visions O'Keeffe Guston Richter. Exh. cat. Des Moines: Des Moines Art Center, 1998, mentioned in text p. 40, not illus.
Schreier, Christoph, Michael Auping, and Martin Hentschel. Philip Guston: Gemalde 1947–1979. Exh. cat. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 1999, illus. in b&w p. 22 (Christoph Schreier essay)
Welish, Marjorie. "The Art of Philip Guston." In Signifying Art: Essays on Art After 1960. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, mentioned in text p. 150, not illus.
Philip Guston Tableaux / Paintings 1947 - 1979. Exh. cat. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz Publishers, 2000, illus. in b&w p. 22 and mentioned in text pp. 21, 55
Ottinger, Didier, and Philip Roth. Philip Guston: Peintures 1947–1979. Exh. cat. Paris: Centre Georges Pompidou, 2000, illus. in b&w p. 11
Weber, Joanna, Harry Cooper, and Laura Greengold. Philip Guston A New Alphabet: The Late Transition. Exh. cat. New Haven: Yale University Art Gallery, 2000, illus. in b&w Fig. 8, p. 15
Fineberg, Jonathan. Art Since 1940: Strategies of Being. 2nd ed. 1995. Reprint, New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2000, illus. in b&w fig. 12.44 p. 407 and mentioned in text p. 407
Cooper, Harry. "Recognizing Guston (In Four Slips)." October 99 (2002): pp. 96–129, illus. in b&w p. 111 and mentioned in text pp. 110, 112 and 123
Anfam, David. "Telling Tales: Philip Guston in Retrospect." Artforum International, May 2003, pp. 132–39, 192, mentioned in text p. 134, not illus.
Kimmelman, Michael. "Anxious Liberator of an Era's Demons." The New York Times, October 31, 2003, section Weekend, pp. E37, E39, mentioned in text p. E39, not illus.
Slifkin, Robert S. "Dark Unfathomed Retrospect." Art Journal 62, no. 4 (2003): pp. 105–08, mentioned in text p. 106, not illus.
Apel, Dora. Imagery of Lynching: Black Men, White Women, and the Mob. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2004, mentioned in text pp. 146-147
Zaller, Robert. "The Abandoned Studio: Philip Guston's Gnostic Testament." Boulevard 20, no. 2-3 (2005): pp. 100–18, mentioned in text pp. 104 & 105, not illus.
Bookbinder, Judith. Boston Modern: Figurative Expressions as Alternative Modernism. Durham: University of New Hampshire Press, 2005, mentioned in text p. 251, not illus.
Prescott, Theodore L., ed. A Broken Beauty. Exh. cat. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2005, Fig. 1, illus. in b&w p. xiii
Posnock, Ross. Philip Roth's Rude Truth: The Art of Immaturity. Princeton: Princeton University, 2006, mentioned in text p. 243, not illus.
Landau, Ellen G. "Double Consciousness in Mexico: How Philip Guston and Reuben Kadish Painted a Morelian Mural." American Art 21, no. 1 (2007): pp. 74–97, illus. in b&w p. 81
Botelho, Manuel. Guston em contexto: até ao regresso da figura. Lisbon: Livros Vendaval, 2007, illus. in b&w p. 19 and mentioned in text p. 62
Baskind, Samantha. Encyclopedia of Jewish American Artists. London: Greenwood Press, 2007, mentioned in text p. 137, not illus.
Zaller, Robert. "Guston Miniatures, in New York." Broad Street Review, November 28, 2009. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Kuspit, Donald. "Philip Guston." Artforum, March 2010, p. 247, mentioned in text, not illus.
Kaufmann, David. Telling Stories: Philip Guston's Later Works. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010, mentioned in text p. 29, not illus.
Slifkin, Robert. "Philip Guston's Return to Figuration and the "1930s Renaissance" of the 1960s." The Art Bulletin 93, no. 2 (2011): pp. 220–42, mentioned in text pp. 227, 237, n1 p. 239, not illus.
Martin, Andrew. "Guston Goes Electric." IDIOM, June 8, 2011. Online, illus. in b&w
Zaller, Robert. "Ladders That Reach Toward Nowhere: Philip Guston, America's 20th-Century Goya." Broad Street Review, April 9, 2013. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Landau, Ellen G. Mexico and American Modernism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013, illus. in b&w fig. 29, p. 43 and mentioned in text p. 43. Also illus. in b&w fig. 31 p. 45 of a newspaper clipping of the damaged fresco related to the painting
Pfeiffer, Ingrid, and Max Hollein, eds. Philip Guston Das Grosse Spatwerk/Late Works. Exh. cat. Cologne: Strzeleckibooks, 2013, mentioned in text p. 138 (English)/139 (German), not illus.
Miller, Peter Benson, ed. Go Figure! New Perspectives on Guston. New York: American Academy in Rome; New York Review of Books, 2014, illus. in b&w Fig. 12 p. 41, listed as "The Conspirators"
Burnett, Craig. Philip Guston: The Studio. London: Afterall Books, 2014, mentioned in text p. 20, not illus.
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston. 1988. Reprint, Munich: Sieveking Verlag; Zurich: Hauser & Wirth, 2016, illus. no. 13, illus. in b&w p. 29 and mentioned in text pp. 26-28
Gieskes, Mette. "I is an Other: Philip Guston's Imagined Incarnations of God and Klansmen." In Example or Alter Ego? Aspects of the Portrait Historie in Western Art from Antiquity to the Present. Edited by Volker Manuth, Rudie van Leeuwen, and Jos Koldeweij. Turnhout: Brepols, 2016, mentioned in text p. 289, not illus.
Daydé, Emmanuel. "Philip Guston: Affreux, Sale et Géant." Art Absolument (Paris), July 2017, pp. 58–61, mentioned in text p. 60, not illus.
Philip Guston & The Poets. Exh. cat. Essay by Kosme de Barañano. Hauser & Wirth, 2017, mentioned in text p. 58, not illus.
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: Un ritratto intimo di Philip Guston. Monza: Johan & Levi, 2017, illus. in b&w fig. 2 (opposite p. 64) and mentioned in text p. 27
Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth Collection Highlights. Fort Worth: Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, 2019, mentioned in text p. 136 n3 and p. 137, not illus.
Contemporary Art Evening Auction. New York: Sotheby's. Auction cat. May 16, 2019, illus. in b&w p. 214
Burnett, Craig. "'Philip Guston's life traced that of modern art itself'" Apollo (London), May 12, 2020. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Greenberger, Alex. "Philip Guston's KKK Paintings: Why an Abstract Painter Returned to Figuration to Confront Racism." ARTnews, September 30, 2020. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Nadeau, Jean-François. "Le fossé." Le Devoir (Montreal), October 13, 2020, section Chroniques. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Cooper, Harry, Mark Godfrey, Alison de Lima Greene, and Kate Nesin. Philip Guston Now. Exh. cat. Washington D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 2020, illus. in b&w Fig. 1 (Alison de Lima Greene essay) p. 183 and mentioned in text pp. 9-10, 181, 182, 183, 186 and 223
Storr, Robert. Philip Guston: A Life Spent Painting. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2020, No. 3 illus. in b&w p. 16 and mentioned in text pp. 15, 129 and 281
Baker, R.C. "Tragicomic Soothsayer: Philip Guston Rides Again." Village Voice, October 22, 2021. Online., mentioned in text, not illus.
Naves, Mario. "Finding Context: After a nearly two-year postponement, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston became the first of four venues to open the Philip Guston Now exhibition." Art & Antiques, June 2022, pp. 34-39, mentioned in text pp. 35 and 38, not illus.
Yau, John. "Philip Guston's Haunted Testimonies." Hyperallergic, August 18, 2022. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Gural, Natasha. "Philip Guston's Daughter Donates 220 Artworks And $10 Million To The Met To Advance His Legacy." Forbes, December 15, 2022. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Nelson, Saul. "Insomniac Visions." Sidecar (NLR blog), November 24, 2023. Online, mentioned in text, not illus.
Barber, Tiffany E. and Joan Choi. "White Hoods, White Masks." Tate Etc., Issue 60, Winter 2023, pp. 78-83, mentioned in text p. 79, not illus.
Mayer, Musa. Night Studio: A Memoir of Philip Guston. 1988. Reprint, Zurich: Hauser & Wirth, 2023, illus. no. 13, illus. in b&w p. 29 and mentioned in text pp. 26-28
Coolidge, Clark, ed. Philip Guston: Que peindre sinon l'énigme. Translated by Éric Suchère. Strasbourg: L'Atelier Contemporain, 2023, mentioned in text p. 38, not illus.
Dunbar, Max. "The Daily Struggle: Philip Guston and American Art in the 1930s." PhD diss. Washington University in St. Louis, 2024, illus. in b&w Fig. 1.3 p. 29